Abstract
Ménière's disease is characterized by repeated attacks of vertigo and accompanying hearing impairment. Many aspects of the etiology of the disease and the mechanism of vertigo attacks remain unknown, and thus this disease is included in the diseases specified by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW). Various studies are being conducted on this disease, in addition to idiopathic sensorineural deafness, by the Vestibular Disorder Research Committee of the MHW. Some patients with Mdniere's disease have difficulty in leading a normal social life due to frequent attacks of vertigo, persistent equilibrium disorders, severe tinnitus, hearing impairment and bilateral Mdniere's disease.Attacks of vertigo in Mdniere's disease are transient, but they occur repeatedly over a long period of time, and the hearing impairment persists and may even become worse. Thus, it is necessary to treat and monitor a patient for a long period of time to understand the real state of the disease. The time-course changes in the pattern of vertigo attacks and symptoms of hearing impairment are described.Ménière's disease is generally defined from the symptomatic viewpoint, but patients with this disease have an enlarged endolymphatic space (due to endolymphatic hydrops) in the inner ear. It is still unclear why this endolymphatic hydrops develops and how this endolymphatic hydrops is related to the vertigo attacks. A hypothesis based on the experimental evidence is briefly described.
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