Определение оптимального угла наклона солнечных батарей фотоэлектрической системы

Abstract

The paper describes a method for optimizing the slope angle of solar batteries in photovoltaic systems in response to changing natural and climatic conditions. The research problem is stated, followed by a summary of factors that prompted the authors to carry out the research study. A number of requirements are established on the basis of some basic energy research provisions. A verbal description is provided of the algorithm for calculations and main formulas are given to recalculate direct solar radiation from a horizontal surface to an inclined one. The method is based on publicly available multi-year meteorological data sets. These sets are processed automatically and calculations are made of direct, diffuse and total solar radiation values. The study generates typical meteorological year data sets. All calculations are made using the Local Analysis of Environment and Solar Radiation Parameters, a software tool developed at the Energy Systems Institute Melentiev by name (Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences). A body of data on a typical meteorological year was obtained for the settlement of Tolon (Lensky Region, Sakha Republic, Russia), selected as a sample for the research study. Retrospective FM 12 Synop natural and climatic data were used to generate a typical meteorological year. The optimization of the solar panel slope angle produced the following results: 1) the optimal slope angle is 55° when using stationary units; 2) optimal values are 9° (autumn/winter) and 50° (spring/summer) when using units with a manually adjustable solar panel slope angle. Importantly, insolation is 1317 and 1323 kWh/m 2 for both optimization results. The proposed method can be used in various scientific and applied activities.