Пошук компромісних організаційних рішень засобами багатокритеріальної оптимізації

Abstract

Managerial practice shows that always is a need to take into account several and simultaneously contradictory properties of available resources and their limitations, which is practically impossible to do, so they have to make the final compromise decision because of real conditions, determined by nature, staffing or budget. A typical example is trading, where the buyer and seller are interested, having conflicting goals: one counts on a minimum of expenses, the second — on a maximum of income, some trade-offs find a trade-off, which suits both. In the graph, these successive steps are the points on the plane that form the so-called the Pareto front (trade-off curve), which is the basis of the process of finding a balanced and well-founded solution and illustrated by the following examples of solving typical organizational management tasks. Finding a compromise is a completely natural phenomenon, a topical and real optimization problem is an extremely important and even critical act, because when for several conflicting purposes, for various reasons, insufficiently grounded political, organizational or engineering decisions are made and the result can be imprecise and inaccurate, spending in conflict situations, first and foremost, on the viability of the organization (state, industry, company) and the livelihood of the individual, family, crew, team or society. To find the balanced and well-grounded management solutions for complex organized system problem, the scientific and practical direction of compromise (multi-criteria, multi-purpose) or Pareto-optimization, popular anywhere, in general — with optimal distribution of limited resources of different types and properties, has been determined. Therefore, setting and solving a specific problem of multi-criteria optimization with taking into account constant changes in the values — of the initial data, prompt implementation of the compromise solutions obtained, the social, industrial, economic both organizational processes and the functioning of the respective objects are best ensured.