Abstract
The trend of the last decade is the closures of lending institutions and their branches by way of withdrawal of bank licenses in case of failure to meet the requirements for the adequacy and structure of equity and reserves, as well as the consolidation of bank assets in the form of mergers. The main object of this paper is to answer the following question: does the closure of banks and bank branches affects lending to small and medium-sized enterprises? To answer this question we used panel data on the loans granted to small and medium-sized enterprises and the closure of banks and bank branches in the Russian regions in 2010–2016. This research shows that the effect of bank closures on lending to SMEs in the Russian regions is ambiguous. On the one hand, the estimates show the negative effect of bank closures on the loans. On the other, there is no evidence of a statistically significant link between the closure of bank branches and lending to small and medium-sized enterprises in the Russian regions in the year following the closure. The findings also reveal that the closure of banks does not lead to the concentration of lending to small and medium-sized enterprises in the largest banks but is associated with shrinking of there loans to SMEs
Highlights
The trend of the last decade is the closures of lending institutions and their branches by way of withdrawal of bank licenses in case of failure to meet the requirements for the adequacy and structure of equity and reserves, as well as the consolidation of bank assets in the form of mergers
This research shows that the effect of bank closures on lending to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Russian regions is ambiguous
The estimates show the negative effect of bank closures on the loans
Summary
Кредитование малых и средних предприятий в российских регионах: последствия санации в банковской системе. Что закрытие банков не приводит к росту концентрации процесса кредитования малых и средних предприятий в крупнейших банках, а сопровождается сокращением объемов выдаваемых ими кредитов. Одной из ключевых обсуждаемых проблем является влияние изменений структуры банковской системы на доступность кредитных ресурсов для фирм и организаций, прежде всего для малых и средних предприятий (МСП), учитывая, что именно для МСП кредиты – основной источник заемных средств (Сараев, 2014). Имеющиеся результаты эмпирических исследований на примере отдельных стран (Berger et al, 1998; Cole, Walraven, 1998; Sapienza, 2002; Bonaccorsi di Patti, Gobbi, 2003 и др.) не дают однозначного ответа на вопрос, ведет ли закрытие кредитных организаций к ограничению доступа к кредитам для МСП. Данный сценарий основан на том, что крупные банки обладают большими возможностями по сравнению с небольшими региональными банками в использовании современных информационных технологий для оценки заемщиков, и расстояние между кредитной организацией и заемщиком не играет значимой роли. Дальнейший анализ направлен на выявление того, какой из четырех сценариев, описывающих последствия сужения банковской сети, реализуется в российских регионах
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