ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ МАТЕРИАЛЬНОГО ПОТОКА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ: МЕСТО И РОЛЬ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ЦИФРОВОГО ДВОЙНИКА

Abstract

The article provides an overview of theoretical studies and modern trends in the development of the concept of “digital economy” and analyzes the technical and economic foundations of such changes, and also identifies the directions of further development of such studies. The difference between engineering and technical and economic approaches to the problem of production management is actualized. It is concluded that the problems of production and supply chains in the digital economy require an integrated, technical and economic approach. It is also concluded that the theory of material flow (logistics) should be based on the knowledge in the field of economic theory, with the active use of the concept of SCM 4.0. The characteristic of the modern stage is given - the rejection of traditional, hierarchical models of building organizations in favor of “streaming” ones. The urgency of digitalizing supply chain models is argued. At the same time, the important role of combining the knowledge of different specialists in the implementation of the function of organizing material flows is shown. The importance of Industry 4.0 in improving the rational use of resources, predictability, transparency and quality of the economy is shown. The features of the modern economy, technical and economic methods and technologies of SCM 4.0 are correlated. In conclusion, the article considers the concept of “digital twin” of supply chain processes, which correlates with the methods of simulation. Simulation and digital twin are here optimization procedures, optimal control, important and promising technical procedures of Industry 4.0. Basing on the study of Western and Russian science literature, the characteristics and properties of “digital twins”, their importance for the management of production and other processes in the supply chain, and directions for further research of this phenomenon are highlighted.