Избыточная масса тела и ожирение у школьников Пермского края

Abstract

The changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in countries with different levels of economic development are contra-directional. Information on the matter in the regions of the Russian Federation is incomplete, making monitoring difficult. The weight status of the child and youth population is of particular interest. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-age children living in rural settlements, a small town, and a city of Perm Krai. Materials and methods. The data on schoolchildren aged 7–18 (1688 males and 1754 females) was collected in Perm city, Kudymkar town, and rural settlements of Perm Krai in 2019–20. The body weight (BW) status was determined according to the procedure recommended by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (2017). Results. Excess BW was found in 23.6-26.3% of the rural and urban children (including obesity in 8.3–10.2%). The rural-urban differences within gender subgroups were statistically non-significant (p> 0.05). Males were more likely than females to be overweight (p < 0.05) and obese (p = 0.057 in rural, p< 0.02 in urban subgroups). The mode of the excess BW distribution in both gender subgroups falls at 11 years of age. Conclusion. According to our data, the prevalence of excess BW and obesity in the schoolchildren of Perm Krai in 2019-2020 turned to be high and close to that in the Komi Republic, Udmurtia, Bashkiria, and Moscow; independent from the type of residency (city, town, or rural settlement); dependent from the sex factor. As far as the sex differences in the prevalence of excess BW and obesity were found significant, and the sex ratio varies in populations, the comparison should be done in male and female groups separately, or take into account the sex ratio.