Abstract
In recent years, agricultural production has been given the strategic task of intensifying and strengthening the production of a quality food product. Many experts testify that indicators regulated by documents, although providing sufficient information about the quality of honey, they do not allow characterizing some properties, for example, its botanical origin. The botanical type of honey is substantiated by the nectar collection area. In practice, examples are given when natural honey is falsified by introducing various impurities into it. For example, they falsify with sugar, flour, starch, sugar syrup, starch and sugar syrup, artificial honey. Palynological analysis is the most objective method for assessing the botanical origin of honey, on which many of its value and quality characteristics depend. The goal is to study the palynological composition of honey obtained in the conditions of the Republic of Buryatia, identify falsification and confirm naturalness. The studies were carried out using a Carl Zeiss Primo Star microscope. The morphometric study was carried out on a Carl Zeiss Primo Star microscope at a magnification of about 10, volume 5 in the program Zeiss Efficien tNavigation (ZEN). Results: Microscopic examination revealed crystals of various shapes in the samples: needle-shaped, star-shaped, irregular and regular geometric shapes. In natural honey, crystals should only be needle-shaped and star-shaped. According to the results of the research, it was revealed that crystals were found in 40 % of the studied samples, namely, regular and irregular geometric shapes. This indicates that honey samples are falsified and made by bees using sugar syrup or sugar. Based on a palynological study, pollen grains were found in all 20 samples studied, corresponding to their botanical origin. Solitary pollen grains of other associated plants were also found. This method of analyzing honey allows you to detect falsification of a product with sugar or powdered sugar under a microscope, as well as fungal spores, pollen grains of plants.
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