무용학과 대학생의 심리적 행복감 결정요인: 목표내용이론, 기본욕구이론과 유기체통합이론 관점

Abstract

The purpose of this study is two-fold. First, it attempts to investigate the effects of life goals on psychological happiness through basic needs satisfaction, basic needs frustration, and self-determined motivation among university dance students using goal content theory, basic needs theory, and organistic integration theory as three mini theories of the self-determination theory(SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985). Secondly, it tests the structural invariance across grades and dance careers. Subjects were 453 university dance students(69 males, 384 females). Five identical questionnaire packages containing assessments of goal contents, basic psychological need satisfaction, basic psychological need frustration, motivational regulations, and psychological happiness were given to participants. Six hypotheses were analyzed with structural equation modeling. The results of the structural equation modeling and multi- group analysis were as follows as: Firstly, achievement directed goal among university dance students directly reduce psychological happiness. But their achievement directed goals for honors and wealth do not influence to psychological happiness via basic psychological need satisfaction, basic psychological need frustration, and self-determined motivation. Secondly, life directed goal among university dance students directly increase the level of psychological happiness. Their life directed goals for self-growth and positive interpersonal building reduce basic psychological need frustration and fulfil basic psychological need satisfaction which, in turn, contribute to enhance psychological happiness as changing in au- tonomous regulation of behaviors. Thirdly, the effects of the types of life goals, basic psychological need satisfaction, basic psychological need frustration, and motivational regulation of behaviors on university dance students’ psychological happiness were variant across grades. Fourthly, the effects of the types of life goals, basic psychological need satisfaction, basic psychological need frustration, and motivational regulation of behaviors on university dance students’ psychological happiness were variant across low and high dance careers. Findings suggest that university dance students need to pursued life directed goals such as family harmony, good interpersonal relationship, active leisure activity, self-acceptance than achievement directed goals such as economical success, honors, extrinsic achievement, and images. The reason is that life directed goals among university dance students are crucial for facilitating their psychological happiness throughout basic psychological need satisfaction and self-determined motivation.