СУСПІЛЬНІ РУХИ В КОНТЕКСТІ МЕРЕЖЕВОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА

Abstract

The article is attempts to determine the features of the formation and functioning of social movements, which are determined by the new quality of society, which appears before to us as a network one. It is defined the generalized concept of a network society - this is a society based on horizontal connections, in which the communicative network of relations is plays the main role. The concept of a network is defined, it is considered as a set of interconnected nodes. The main features of the network are identified: mobility, informality, discreteness, the general purpose of network entities, multiple levels of interaction, voluntary ties, independence of network members, and many leaders. There is made the conclusion about the leading role in the network society of the information and communication component. Attention is focused on the impact of the Internet and social networks on social movements. At the same time, social movements are viewed as collective actions aimed at achieving common interests, drawing attention to their non-institutionalized form and orientation to social changes. The factors that influence the characteristics of modern social movements are defined: the spread of virtual social networks, globalization, the change in the forms of political participation, changes in the main spheres of society, changes in the values and needs of individuals. Attention is focused on the emergence of so-called new social movements (anti-globalization, feminism, green movement, consumers and others), there is their main characteristic presented. The article concludes that social movements are a specific segment of civil society and acquire features related to the form of their existence - a network and the prevalence of a guide to upholding intangible values. The new quality of social movements is presents great opportunities for non-political actors to influence the political field and change its design. Key words: network society, network, social networks, social movements, new social movements.