Применение новых комплексных удобрений и биологических препаратов на посевах кормовой озимой ржи в условиях Псковской области

Abstract

Abstract. The development of optimal nutritional system for agricultural crops is one of the main factors for the getting of stable yields. The deficiency of some macro- and microelements in plant nutrition, leading to yield decreasing, can be compensated with new complex of balanced fertilizers and biological products. The aim of the work is to study the effect of nitrogen fertilization, new forms of complex fertilizers based on active biological substances (“Kodamin B-Mo”, “K-Gumat-Na”, “Agroflorin” “Auksinolen”) and the microbiological preparation (MBP) “Bisolbifit” on the yield and quality of grain of fodder winter rye “Novaya Era” on sod-podzolic soils in the Pskov region. The originality is that for the agro-ecological conditions of the Pskov region, the influence of new complex fertilizers, biological and humic preparations in the cultivation of winter rye has been studied. Methods. The research was carried out in 2019 on the experimental field of the laboratory of agricultural technologies of the Federal research center for Bast Crops (Pskov Department). The records, observations and analyzes were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results. The maximal positive effect on grain yield was made with the introduction of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N80P40K70 with fractional nitrogen application: 20 kg of active substance – in the main fertilizer, 40 kg – in the tillering phase and 20 kg – in the booting phase. Up to 1,3 t/ha or 42.2 % to the control level were obtained in that variation. Application of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N40P40K70 and MBP “Bisolbifit” increased on 0,4 t/ha of grain, which amounted 10.6 %. Foliar double treatment of plants with fertilizer “Kodamin B-Mo” increased grain yield up to 8.6 %. The influence of the investigated factors on the protein content and nitrate nitrogen in plants of fodder winter rye, the weight of 1000 seeds and the structure of the yield was established. For 1 kg of active substance of mineral fertilizers at various doses of nitrogen fertilizing the additional yield of grain from 3.68 to 6.39 kg was obtained.