유아의 성별, 기질 및 놀이성이 사회적 유능감에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of young children's temperaments and playfulness on social competence. We conducted surveys on the temperaments, playfulness, and social competence of 341 children in kindergartens and daycare centers located in Seoul and Incheon, Gyeonggi-do Province, South Korea. The collected data were analyzed through frequency analysis, independent samples t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 23.0. The results of the study are as follows. First, with regard to the social competence of children according to gender, female children had higher social competence than male children. Second, with regard to the relationship between temperament, playfulness, and social competence, the social competence of children was found to be lower but temperament to be active was higher. Social competence was higher as the participatory initiative component of their playfulness was higher. In other words, each temperamental subfactor of the children was correlated with the emotional regulation factor in their social competence and was shown to be partially correlated with other temperamental subfactors. Third, for the relative influence of the children's gender, temperament, and playfulness on social competence, gender had the greatest influence followed by the temperament to be active and participatory initiative. In conclusion, gender, temperament, and playfulness were determined as important predictors of children's social competence, and playfulness has a greater influence on social competence than temperament.