СПОГАДИ В. В. ДАНИЛОВА ЯК ІСТОРИКО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНЕ ДЖЕРЕЛО

Abstract

The article approaches the important issue concerning the analysis of pedagogical problems found in memoirs of Volodymyr Valerianovych Danylov. This famous and talented scholar was engaged in the study of literature and folklore, teaching and methodology and was the author of memoirs in two parts titled ’Nizhyn Gymnasium at the End of the Last Century. Part I. Teachers’ (1958) and ’Memories about Nizhyn Gymnasium at the End of the 19th Century. Part II’ (1964). It was mentioned that these works were not regarded by scholars as historical and pedagogical source. Thus the aim of the article is to study memoirs and to reveal pedagogical problems that can be useful for teaching. Due to the detailed examination of the academic literature it was found that V. V. Danylovdeviated from traditional methods and techniques, rote learning and didacticism and it was described in his method guides on language and literature ’Methodology of Russian language’, ’Literature as a subject of teaching’ (1917). Besides, it was specified in the article that Danylov believed it necessary to develop students’ figurative thinking, which encouraged them to be active and self-sufficient. It was discovered that V. V. Danylov proposed to analyze literary work by logic of the imagery development, rather than the plot line. According to the teacher, an extensive system of questions should help in the complex analysis of the work`s plot. It is highlighted that these problems of V. V. Danilov’s pedagogical works may be of interest to modern methodology researchers.The authors note that in his memoirs Volodymyr Valerianovych focused on the study of teachers’ personalities, singled out some prominent, in his opinion, teachers, as well as identified and characterized three types of high school teachers – good, neutral and ’pedagogical despots’. In his works Danylov described some cases from his student life. It is stated that Danylov’s memoirs can serve as a valuable source for teachers and encourage them to look for new and more effective methods and techniques for working with students. These works present the mature opinion of an educated person who had extensive experience in working with children, and therefore memoirs are important materials for identifying and solving modern pedagogical problems.