КВАЗАРИ І ТЕМНА МАТЕРІЯ

Abstract

Two problems related to quasars are considered. The first is the energy of quasars, which is considered one of the most serious problems of active galactic nuclei. The second is redshifts in their emission spectra. To ensure the "work" of the quasar, in addition to the energy coming from the accretion disk, its additional sources are needed. One such source is given, and it is associated with a large amount of dark matter in galaxies. However, the energy released during the destruction of the particles of the dark component is the energy of the microwave range, and it only partially solves the energy problem of the quasar. Therefore, there is a need for another and more powerful source of energy, as well as a related mechanism capable of converting microwave radiation into high-energy radiation. The importance of such a source is also indicated by the second energy feature of quasars. It is associated with the presence of some of them very high speeds of motion of matter in jets. In this case, the flow rate of matter in a jet can exceed the speed of light in a vacuum several times. Such a source of energy is indicated, but not analyzed. In addition, for quasars with jets, the presence of large and extremely contradictory redshifts in their spectra is characteristic. This applies to both emission spectra and absorption spectra. From the standpoint of the officially accepted concept of an “expanding universe,” these unusual shifts of radiation cannot be explained. Interpretation of redshifts in quasar emission spectra based on the interaction of radiation and dark matter (“energy loss by radiation”) is given. This approach to the interpretation of the red shift in the spectra of quasars covers many questions, but not all. Within its framework, it is not possible to explain the origin of “quantized” redshifts in the spectra of galaxies, discovered by V. Tifft and confirmed by H. Arp. The excessively weak positions of the red shift in the spectra of quasars are indicated as a physical parameter characterizing the distance to the radiation source.