Моделирование радиоактивного заражения местности методом случайных сложений

Abstract

To date, nuclear energy occupies a significant place in the fuel and energy balance of the world. Despite the significant improvement in the state of nuclear and radiation safety at radiation facilities in recent years, it is impossible to completely exclude the presence of emergency situations, including the release of radioactive substances outside the sanitary protection zones. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a timely forecast of the situation with the spread of radioactive substances in the environment for the timely response of the competent authorities to the consequences of this kind of emergency in order to protect the population and employees of radiation-hazardous facilities. The most dangerous damaging factor of an accident at a radiation-hazardous facility is radioactive contamination of the area. In the event of an accident, radionuclides of different masses and activities can spread over long distances, resulting in extensive contamination, including long-term contamination. The article considers the possibility of using the method of random addition to simulate radioactive contamination of the area, which allows you to build a map of the distribution of surface activity in several dimensions at different points in the area. The method of random addition is applicable in conditions of significant uncertainty of the parameters necessary to construct a model of surface activity distribution of the contaminated area by known methods of Gauss or Lagrange. The basis of the method of random addition in the problem of modeling the distribution of radionuclides, we put the analogy between a large number of randomly distributed factors that affect the formation of the final picture of the terrain and the distribution of radionuclides in their distribution in the environment. The article describes the algorithm of the program, which allows to form a layer by selective addition of surfaces constructed by random addition, so that after each inclusion in the layer of a new surface, the relative error of construction tends to the given initially. From the simulation results, the comparative analysis of the obtained data with different number of control points, we estimate the relative error depending on magnification and assessed the possibility of using this algorithm for simulation of radiation contamination in the accident at radiation-hazardous object.