Сортові особливості накопичення фенольних речовин у плодах черешні в умовах Південного Степу України

Abstract

Goal. To substantiate the share of influence of stress weather factors and varietal features on the process of formation of the fund of phenolic substances in cherry fruits. Methods. Field — to assess the influence of weather factors on the content of phenolic substances, laboratory — to determine the polyphenol content, analytical and mathematical and statistical methods — to study the influence of factors A (year), B (variety), the interaction of AB factors on the formation of phenolic substances in merry fruits. The content of phenolic substances was determined in the fruits of 33 experimental cultivars of 3 maturity terms by a standard method using Folin-Denis reagent. Results. It was found that the fruits of the Kazka variety (203.17 mg/100 g) were singled out according to the average content of phenolic substances among the varieties of early maturity. The fruits of the Rubin early variety (175.27 mg/100 g; Vp = 15.0) were marked with optimal indicators of variability and average content of polyphenolic substances. Liubymytsia Turovtseva (226.85 mg/100 g, Vr=12.6%) and Udivitelna (288.55 mg/100 g, Vr=11.1%) were the most promising in terms of technology from the middle and late maturing varieties. For groups of varieties of early and late maturity, weather conditions (factor A) had a dominant influence on the formation of phenolic substances. For groups of varieties of medium maturity, the accumulation of the studied indicator was more influenced by varietal characteristics (factor B). Conclusions. It is proved that during the research period weather conditions had a dominant influence on the formation of the fund of phenolic substances for early and late groups of varieties. A greater influence of varietal characteristics for the group of varieties of medium maturity on the accumulation of phenolic substances was revealed. According to the results of 2-factor analysis of variance, it is advisable to predict the content of phenolic substances in merry fruits of early and late ripening by average values, and not separately for each pomological variety.