ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ РЕЛИГИОЗНОЙ НОРМЫ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ У ЛЮДЕЙ С НОРМАТИВНОЙ И ДИФФУЗНОЙ РЕЛИГИОЗНОСТЬЮ

Abstract

The paper phenomenologically analyzes religious norms of responsibility in people with different types of religiousness. Religious norms are considered as regulators of social, group and individual behavior based on counter-intuitive representations. The types of religious norms revealed in the course of the previous research allow studying the question of the structure and content of these types depending on the confessional identity and type of religiousness. This article is devoted to the phenomenological analysis of the religious norm of responsibility in people with different types of religiousness. The method of data collection met all criteria of validity of qualitative research. The main criterion for differentiation of respondents according to the type of religiousness was the parameters of churching. The method of data collection was group interviews. The main method of data analysis was phenomenological analysis, a heuristic approach. As a result of the analysis, the structure of the religious norm of responsibility was revealed. It represents two main categories describing the representations of the religious norm of responsibility attribution: objective and subjective aspects. The objective aspect implies the representation of the social situation of responsibility, as well as representation of acceptance of the responsibility. The subjective aspect implies a locus of responsibility and its motivation. The subjective aspect of responsibility representation is dominant in believers with normative religiousness, while the objective aspect – in believers with diffusive religiousness. Normative religiosity shifts the locus of responsibility mainly “inward”, which occurs due to identification with the introjected counter-intuitive agent, the object of faith. Diffusive religiousness, on the contrary, implies an emphasis on the objective aspect of the responsibility representation. It allows one to reduce self-control, find an excuse for “irresponsibility”, choose between alternatives “for yourself or for the others”, “for events or for actions”.