ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ ЧИННИКІВ УРБАНІЗАЦІЇ НА ЗАБРУДНЕННЯ АТМОСФЕРНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА В РЕГІОНАХ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to find the features of atmospheric air pollution depending on the level of the urbogenic load of the Ukraine regions by the indicator method. The methodology of the work is based on the used complex indicators - the indicator of ecological and index of ecological-demographic urbanization. Results. Compara- tive analysis of dynamic changes in unit indicators per person of emissions from mobile and stationary sources for the period 1995 – 2020 has been executed. It is shown that the urbanization process in the whole country was reflected in a 1.8-fold reduction in unit indicators per 1 person of stationary emissions sources. The tendency of increase in traffic emissions has been noted over the past four years. The coupling between the increasing values of the ecological- demographic urbanization indices and the trend towards an increase in overall emissions of both types of sources is shown. The dominance of transport emissions in regions of different levels of ecological-demographic urbanization with the maximum amount of pollution in the Kiev region according to the data of 2020 has been confirmed. It is shown that emissions from stationary sources dominate only in five regions (Vinnitsa, Dnepropetrovsk, Donetsk, Zaporozhye, Ivano-Frankivsk) due to the presence of large industrial and thermal power facilities. The urbogenic pollution coeffi- cients of the atmospheric environment of the regions by stationary sources have been determined. These parameters represent the impact degree of urban emissions on the safety of the atmospheric environment at the regional level. We made conclusions related to a high level enough of correspondence between the parameters of the ecological urbaniza- tion of regions and the urban pollution coefficients. Originality. The topicality of this study is associated with the de- velopment of quantitative, indicator methods for assessing regionally differentiated urban impacts on the atmospheric environment. Practical value. Thus, the indicator method for assessing regionally differentiated urban impacts on the atmospheric environment provides the basis for creating a strategy for urban development and planning in order to preserve the sustainability and regenerative capacity of the atmosphere. The policy of ensuring a high level of environ- mental safety of atmospheric air should take into account the peculiarities of cities and urbanized areas in order to in- crease the efficiency and effectiveness of environmental protection measures and improve the tools for making manage- rial decisions at the regional and national levels.