Коллективная память как область общественного сознания

Abstract

The author of this article addresses the theme of collective memory in the con­text of the phenomenon of public consciousness. As a methodological approach to the study of collective memory as a field of public consciousness, the article proposes the concept of the structure of public consciousness. Based on this concept, the author introduces a classification of research methods and also fixes three levels of public consciousness: the level of primary motivation, the level of deep cultural-value orientations and the level of superficial assessments and moods. The article holds the idea that each level corresponds to its own set of re­search methods. The author emphasizes that the study of the value level is espe­cially informative, since it allows one to move beyond fixing the fluctu­ations in the mood of the population, identifying contradictions and value gaps in the public consciousness, diagnosing its critical states, determining the di­rections of its changes. The article also states that the use of the concept of the structure of public consciousness will help to find out: what levels of con­sciousness are involved in the processes of collective memory formation, which of the levels is the target for various instruments of influence, as well as to assess the state of collective ideas about the past, the presence of faults and antagon­isms in collective memory.