ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ГЕНДЕРНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ В СРЕДЕ МУСУЛЬМАН УКРАИНЫ И УЗБЕКИСТАНА

Abstract

An issue of gender relations in the Muslim countries is particularly relevant today. It is confirmed by the presence of a high percentage of domestic violence, forced marriages, differences in labor and financial opportunities etc. The gender relations of Muslims in different countries have many similarities, because they were formed on the basis of Islam. The reasons for the differences lie in the historical and cultural peculiarities of various countries, in the national mentality and especially in the current legislation. In order to identify the key factors determining the specifics of Muslim gender relations, it is important to study them in different conditions, using the example of countries belonging to different geographical regions and having significant economic and cultural differences. The present deals in Ukraine and Uzbekistan, because the situation of Muslims in those countries is different (Uzbekistan is a predominantly Muslim country, while in Ukraine followers of Islam are a religious minority; geographically Uzbekistan is surrounded by predominantly Muslim countries, Ukraine – Christian; in addition, in the post-Soviet period of their development, those countries have chosen different ways of political and economic development). Meanwhile the gender relations of Muslims there are similar in many ways. That “paradox” is due, on the one hand, to the influence of the same religious norms and, on the other hand, to the action of secular legislation, which ensures overall gender balance without taking into account religious affiliation. In Ukraine, gender issues are not as acute as in Uzbekistan, which has yet to work extensively on regulating gender relations.