Abstract
The objectives of this study was to estimation of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and global warming in rice production and identify measures to reducing fossil energy use and greenhouse gases emissions. Three rice production systems included SRI, improved and conventional were studied. All activities, field operation and data in production methods and differents inputs rates were monitored and recorded in 2011e2012. Results showed that averages of total energy input in production systems was 22793.02 MJ ha-1 that the least energy input equal 16102.98 MJ ha-1 was observed in SRI. Electricity had the most contribution of energy input in production systems that the greatest global warming and GHGs accounted. Nitrogen fertilizer and fuel were ranked in second and third in GHGs. Average across rice production, GWP were estimated equal to 2307.33 kg CO2-eq ha-1. The maximum and minimum GWP equal to 1640 and 2554 kg CO2-eq ha-1 equivalent to 255.8 and 479.3 kg eq-CO2 GJ-1 were obtained in SRI and conventional systems, respectively. The minimum and maximum GWP per unit energy input was the minimum were in SRI and was the maximum in conventional system. SRI had the least GWP per unit energy output and improved system was ranked in seconed. Therefore, it was concluded that GWP had the positive correlation with field management methods and inputs use.
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