Работа в структурах медицинских служб гражданской обороны и чрезвычайных ситуаций как составная часть квалификационной категории врача-психиатра

Abstract

Introduction : the predicted increase in anthropogenic, technogenic, social, military, possible space disasters and emergencies attracts the attention of health organizers, doctors of specialists and especially psychologists and psychiatrists in connection with the need to provide assistance to the victims, as well as to develop principles, strategies and tactics, methods and means of providing timely psycho-psychiatric care. The aim of the work: was to justify the need for the psychiatrist to prepare for work in emergency situations of catastrophes, natural disasters and terrorist acts. Materials and methods : five qualifying works of a psychiatrist of the highest category are analyzed: 1997 (analysis of work for 1994–1996); 2002 (1999–2001); 2008 (2005–2007); 2013 (2010–2012) and 2018 (2015–2017) for the work of the Medical Service of Civil Defense (MSCD) and emergency situations as an integral part of the mandatory requirements for the execution of documents when they are submitted to the Attestation Commission for the assignment of qualification medical category in psychiatry. The depth of the study was 24 years. Methodical approaches were used: system, complex, dynamic, normative, quantitative and situational. Methods of analysis included: historical, analytical and comparison. Methods were used: groupings, continuous and selective observations. Results : the work of a psychiatrist in the structure of MSCD and ES is analyzed from the standpoint of: 1. Personal participation in the development of educational and methodological and lecture materials for the preparation of the population for action in the context of civil defense and emergencies; 2. The actions of the doctor in the workplace in a medical institution with possible «everyday» emergencies; 3. Work in the medical-nursing brigade of the civil defense system; 4. Participation in the structure of psycho-psychiatric care for the population in emergencies. Conclusions 1. In accordance with normative legal documents and official duties, a psychiatrist must provide psychiatric assistance to the population in emergency situations and know the organization and activities of the medical service of civil defense. 2. A psychiatrist for successful work should undergo special training in the basic modules of the Psychological and Psychiatric Service of the Emergency Situations: 1) The Department of Anonymous Psychological and Psychiatric Assistance by telephone; 2) an advisory visiting team of psycho-psychiatric care; 3) Department of psychological and psychiatric care; 4) Cabinet of psychological and psychiatric care. 3. Medical workers who survived emergencies should be treated as victims, who need comprehensive psycho-psychiatric care and careful corporate support, with a gradual return to normal occupational loads. 4. The contingent of professional rescuers under conditions of emergencies is exposed to the extreme factors of the current situation and is a risk group for the development of affective spectrum disorders. They may experience psycho-pathological disorders of exogenous organic origin with a tendency to gradually formulate variants of psycho-organic syndrome and polysystemic psychosomatic disorders. 5. The multifaceted work of a psychiatrist in the MSCD system and the emergency situation should be a weighty additional argument in favor of a positive decision on awarding the qualification category declared by him.