АБАЙ ПОЭЗИЯСЫНДАҒЫ «МӘҢГІЛІК БЕЙНЕНІ» ТЕЗАУРУСТЫҚ ТАЛДАУ

Abstract

The article considers the «eternal image» in Abay’s poetry by the method of thesaurus analysis, based on the comparative method. Thesaurus analysis is especially important in the system of linguistic analysis. Although the terms “dictionary” and “thesaurus” are similar, the fact that the thesaurus has a wider range of meanings is confirmed by the findings of the researchers. It is known that the thesaurus analysis method is of particular importance in modern humanities. From this perspective, the features of thesaurus analysis in literary studies are systematized and the issue of “eternal image” is raised within the framework of this concept. There are special characteristics of “eternal images” such as capacity, high spiritual value, polyvalence, and wide dissemination, and in analyzing Abay’s poem “Yeskendir” (Alexander) attention is paid to these features. Comparative analysis is done on the plots of Yeskendir in eastern and western literature. In Abay’s poetry Alexander is a model of an eternal image, and in presenting his nature the poet’s position is shown. The content of the article also includes the fact that the story of Alexander the Great in the Holy Quran formed the basis of folklore and literary works and the personification of this “eternal image” in the historical and literary tradition. The analysis of the main character in the poems of Ferdowsi, Nizami, Zhami, Navoi and in the “Novel about Alexander” popular in Europe is presented and concluded. Although Yeskendir’s historical campaigns around the world eventually went into the depths of history, his glorious life continued in folklore and literature. The famous hero’s “literary campaign” to oriental literature was considered in the space of the eastern classical poets and Abay’s works. The analysis reveals that the plot lines, dating back to folklore heritage and sacred books, were reproduced in the works of great poets in a unique way. The scholars, who claim that the historical Alexander the Great and the legend hero Yeskendir Zulkarnaiyn are two different people in history, cannot provide any concrete evidence to support this point of view. The plots about Yeskendir that became the basis for the works of great artists unite these “two” Alexanders as one person. Considering that one of the main characteristics of eternal images is polyvalence, it was concluded that Yeskendir can be recognized as a composite image of a warrior and a victorious commander, who ruled the country. The contradictory nature of the “eternal image” in Abay’s poem “Yeskendir” and the reproduction of the legendary plot by the great poet in a new perspective is shown on the basis of thesaurus analysis.