ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПЛОЩІ ГОРИЗОНТАЛЬНОЇ ПРОЕКЦІЇ ДІТЕЙ ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ

Abstract

Introduction. The article deals with determining of the horizontal projection areas of children and adolescents. This task is time-consuming, because, due to the variability of anthropometric data of children and adolescents, a large number of measurements should be performed. DSTU 8828-2019 lists the average areas of horizontal projections, determined experimentally for three cases - children and adolescents in summer (home) clothes, children and adolescents in summer clothes with a school bag and children (adolescents) in winter clothes with a school bag. These experiments were conducted in 1974, when the available technical means did not allow performing calculations with high accuracy. The aim of the article is to study the change in the average value of the area of ​​the horizontal projection of modern children according to their age. During the study ​​horizontal projection areas of 472 children aged 6 - 17 years were determined. The first stage of the experiment involved the obtaining of planned photography with a deep scale of each participant. Subsequent calculations were performed in the graphic editor Corel Draw 12. All photos were imported into the editor, scaled and traced. The area of ​​the obtained figures was determined using the GetArea script after eliminating the perspective distortion. The results of the measurements show that, in comparison with the data obtained in 1974, the anthropometric data of children have not undergone significant changes. It should be noted a significant decrease (by 27%) in the average value of the horizontal projection area of the school bag (students aged 14-17 years), while the area of ​​the projection of the bag in children of primary school age increased slightly (by 5-7%). The obtained results can be used to increase the accuracy of the evacuation processes modelling from the buildings of secondary schools and also for standardization of the evacuation routes and exits dimensions.