Abstract
In recent years, the Republic of Belarus has developed the practice of introducing elements of green infrastructure into urban development programs. This is a contribution to the transition to environmentally friendly production technologies, the construction of buildings with a low share of energy and resource consumption, the implementation of environmental-oriented transport infrastructure, the use of effective technologies for the collection, disposal and processing of waste, and an increase in amount of green areas in cities. From 2016 to the present, the country is implementing a 5-year project of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) “Supporting Green Urban Development in Small and Medium-Sized Cities in Belarus”. The objective of the Project is the growth of development of green urban development plans and pilot green urban development initiatives in the cities of Polack, Navapolack, Navahrudak related to energy efficiency and sustainable transport. An important component in the formation of green urban planning is the operation of spatial information. For this purpose, mapping and geoinformation approaches were applied in the study. They made it possible to identify the modern features of the distribution of green city indicators in pilot cities, carry out their analysis and propose a new development strategy that will improve the blue-green infrastructure. For each city, in the instrumental geographic information systems ArcGIS and QGIS, a methodology was developed and indicators were mapped that characterize condition of residential areas, quality of buildings, population density, location of green areas, proximity of public transport stops and other urban infrastructure, tourism service infrastructure and the distribution of energy users and sources of CO2 emissions. Based on the results of GIS analysis of the obtained layers of indicators of the profile of the green city, a spatial development strategy was formed. The information of the thematic layers on indicators of urban development became the basis for the creation of a series of web maps in ArcGIS Online, which are currently being discussed by residents of key cities. The cartographic materials prepared within the project can be finalized and used to work with city administrations, as well as to inform the population about the state of the city and the decisions taken.
Highlights
The cartographic materials prepared within the project can be finalized and used to work with city administrations, as well as to inform the population about the state of the city and the decisions taken
Для трех пилотных городов (Новогрудок, Полоцк и Новополоцк) проекта программы развития Организации Объединенных Наций (ПРООН) «Поддержка зеленого градостроительства в малых и средних городах Беларуси (Зеленые города)» в среде ГИС ArcGIS, QGIS была разработана методика и осуществлено картографирование ряда индикаторов зеленого города, характеризующих состояние жилищного фонда, качество застройки, плотности населения, расположение зеленых территорий, доступность остановок общественного транспорта и других объектов городской инфраструктуры, включая инфраструктуру обслуживания туризма и распределение потребителей энергоресурсов и источников выбросов CO2
Информация тематических слоев по индикаторам городского развития послужила основой создания в некоммерческом вьювере ArcGIS Online серии веб-карт, которые в настоящее время вынесены на обсуждение жителями ключевых городов
Summary
The cartographic materials prepared within the project can be finalized and used to work with city administrations, as well as to inform the population about the state of the city and the decisions taken. Анализу внедрения в градостроительные программы развития городов элементов зеленой инфраструктуры посвящено значительное количество зарубежных исследований [Ali et al, 2021; Baycan-Levent et al, 2009; Benedict et al, 2002; Cameron et al, 2012; Foster et al, 2011; M’Ikiugu et al, 2011; Pauleit et al, 2019, 2021; Tzoulas et al, 2007; Wang et al, 2009; Wright et al, 2011]. Они позволили выявить современные особенности распределения в городах Полоцк, Новополоцк, Новогрудок индикаторов зеленого города и выполнить их анализ для дальнейшей разработки стратегии развития, которая позволит улучшить сине-зеленую инфраструктуру ключевых объектов проекта ПРООН «Поддержка зеленого градостроительства в малых и средних городах Беларуси (Зеленые города)».
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