Вплив комплексного застосування біологічних і хімічних препаратів на розвиток хвороб та врожайність картоплі

Abstract

Goal. To study the effectiveness of complex use of biological and chemical drugs in the system of protection of potato against diseases. Methods. Field, phenological, phytopathological, statistical. The study was performed on the potato of Alvar and Levada varieties by treating the tubers before planting and spraying the plants during the growing season. Results. The efficiency of different methods of application of microbial and chemical preparations in the system of protection of potato against diseases is determined. It is established that the use of biological preparations Fitotsid, r., Azotobacterin, r., Serenada ASO SC, KS, created based on living cells of microorganisms, separately and in mixtures with chemicals in potato protection technologies, ensured their high efficiency. Suppression of the development of dominant diseases — Alternaria and phytophthora during the growing season was at the level of 45 and 51%, increase in yield — an average of 13 t/ha compared to control and 2 t/ha — compared to chemicals, marketability of tubers — 18% compared with control. Mixtures of biological preparations with fungicides with reduced by 20 and 25% consumption rates ensured the effectiveness of measures at the level of fungicides with full consumption rates. Conclusions. The use of biological drugs with multifunctional action (Serenada ASO SC, KC, Fitotsid, r., Azotobacterin, r.) in mixtures with chemicals in different methods of application on potato reduces the pesticide load on the agrocenosis, effectively limits the development of infectious diseases and improves yields and product quality. The combined use of biological drugs with chemical protection agents prolongs the protective effect of bioagents, reduces the number of treatments and consumption rates of chemicals.