ВЛИЯНИЕ ПОЗДНИХ КОРМОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР НА ГУСТОТУ СТОЯНИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ ДОННИКА

Abstract

The article discusses the questions of cover crop cultures influence on a density of standing of sweet clover plants. Maize, Sudan grass and millet are the most suitable for the sweet clover among late cover crops, which are developing very slowly in the spring and very early release the sweet clover from shading. Field germination, the number of seedlings obtained from the number of seeds sown in our field experiments during all the years of research was higher under the cover of maize and amounted to 38.4-39.2%, in millet and Sudan grass it was no higher than 37.6-38.8% and 37.5-37.9%. The greatest completeness of the seadling during all the years of research was during the early period sowing of sweet clover without covering, and on average for 2012-2015 it was more than 45.4%. The preservation of sweet clover up to the cut was largely dependent on meteorological conditions and amounted to 55.7-66.7, in more favorable weather conditions the safety of sweet clover plants was more higher and amounted to 72.9-82.8%. The resistance of the yellow sweet clover plants to the number of unfavorable weather conditions during overwintering was quite high in our experiments, and on average for all the years of research the winter hardiness was 44.3-88.1%. Late fodder cover crops, such as annual millet, Sudan grass and maize, oppressing yellow sweet clover, significantly reduced its safety. The greatest decrease in the safety of yellow sweet clover was revealed under the cover of Sudan grass, which, unlike other cover crops, was more oppressed the clover plant both in the initial growth phases and for the whole vegetation period of plants and the preservation of the sweet clover plants was 62.2%. In the variant under the cover of maize, which was much less oppressed plants, the sweet clover provided the best preservation of plants with 69.5%.