カーネーションのつぼみ開花および品質に及ぼす温度, 照度, ショ糖濃度の影響

Abstract

Carnations 'Nora' and 'Coral' were harvested at the bud stage IV to investigate the effect of temperature, light intensity, and sucrose concentration on bud forcing and flower quality.1. When cut budded carnation shoots were forced at 20°, 25°, and 30 °C, at the higher temperature, the days to anthesis were shortened and the vase life was extended, but the browning of the stem base became more intense. But the obvious tendency was not indicated in the total days (days to forcing + vase life) from harvest. The petal color was close to normal one at 20° and 25 °C, while it turned into pale at 30 °C by increasing L values with a reduction of a and b values in Hunter's readings.2. 'Nora' developed normal petal color at 0.2 and 1 klx of light, whereas 'Coral' required 2 and 3 klx to force flowers with normal petal color.3. Use of sucrose concentrations ranging from 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 15% in the forcing solution revealed that as the concentration increased, the flower diameter was increased and vase life was extended. At 7% or higher, dehydration symptoms were observed at the tips of the leaves and calyxes. At higher sucrose concentrations, the L values decreased simultaneously as a and b values increased in the Hunter's readings; thus, the petal color was intensified.4. The petal color was considered to be the more important trait than any other characters in the quality of cut flowers. The best forcing conditions for obtaining the optimum quality of flowers with normal petal color were : 1) 20° to 25 °C; 2) 0.2 to 1.0 klx for 'Nora' (pale pink) and 2 to 3 klx for 'Coral' (red) ; and 3) a 3% sucrose in the forcing solution.