Религиозные учения Л. Толстого и Вл. Соловьева и проблема единства русской религиозной философии

Abstract

The article deals with the history of the creative relationship of L.N. Tolstoy and V.S. Solovyov and it is proved that religious teachings of thinkers are close to one another in their main principles. In the works of the 1890s Solovev, like Tolstoy, sharply criticizes the historical church for the fact that it distorted original, true Christianity, the main meaning of which he sees in the union of humanity with God and in building the Kingdom of God on earth by the forces of humanity. Exactly the same understanding of Christianity as the path to a perfect life on earth is the basis of Tolstoys religious teaching. It is shown that the two most important motives of Tolstoys teaching: the denial of the bodily resurrection of human personalities and the principle of non-resistance to evil by violence flow quite logically from this teaching. The point of view of Solovev in these questions, on the contrary, testifies to his inconsistency in the development of the principles of true Christianity. It is concluded that Tolstoy, contrary to popular belief, is not a marginal figure in Russian religious philosophy, on the contrary, he most fully expresses its main trend of criticism of church religion and the search for true Christianity, which unites the overwhelming majority of famous thinkers.