Abstract
This study investigates the bifurcation sequence to chaos in a horizontal annulus with a constant heat flux wall. After the first Hopf bifurcation from a steady to a simple time-periodic flow with a fundamental frequency, quasi-periodic flows with two or three incommensurable frequencies appear. A reverse transition from a quasi-periodic flow to a simple periodic flow is observed with increase of Rayleigh number. And finally, chaotic convection is established after appearance of three incommensurable frequencies at a high Rayleigh number. Simple periodic flows exist between quasi periodic flows. The transition route to chaos of the present simulations follows the Ruelle-Takens route.
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