ПРОБЛЕМИ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО ПЕРЕСЕЛЕННЯ В УКРАЇНІ (НА ОСНОВІ ІНТЕРВ’Ю МЕШКАНЦІВ/МЕШКАНОК СЕЛИЩА ВІЛЬЧА)

Abstract

The article focuses on the study of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident based on the method of oral history. The author emphasizes that the Chernobyl tragedy was a painful and traumatic experience for the residents of the contaminated radiation zone who lived around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, who were forced to change their established way of life and move to a new place of residence. Based on the method of oral history, work and research of domestic and foreign authors, the article covers the history of Vilcha through the prism of the memories of its inhabitants displaced from Polissya district and relocated to Vovchansk district. The publication raises questions about the cities of memory of the people of Vilсha, the gender features of the memory and speaking of certain topics and stories, highlights the communicative memory of the people of Vilcha about the past and present. Attention is paid to topics that are important for understanding the true state of affairs and the reasons for resettlement, because the people of Vilcha were relocated in an unorganized and planned manner, together with other residents of the 30 km exclusion zone, they themselves demanded resettlement. The resettlement process itself, the difficulties faced by the new villagers and the various consequences of resettlement are described. Attention is paid to gender characteristics that are visible during interviews and ways of presenting memories. Women's memories and men's, as emphasized in the article are different, they tell their stories differently, women express more emotions, impressions, empathy with other participants in the event, describing in detail the situation and objects around them. Men's memories are quite concise, the characteristics are more accurate, specific, full of characteristics of technological processes, focus on processes and its details. A special place in the study is occupied by the places of memory that exist in Vilcha, and serve as a link in their stories between past and present and is a manifestation of the communicative memory of the villagers. After all, they are united by Poliska Vilcha, and visiting it is a certain «sacred ritual» that cannot be missed or canceled, because it is a native land that will remain so for the people of Vilcha forever.