Мотивація і працездатність медичних працівників сфери охорони психічного здоров’я як предиктор їхнього психологічного благополуччя

Abstract

Objective: We defined the internal and external motivation features, performed a differential assessment of the states of reduced working capacity in medical workers of the Vinnytsia O.I. Yushchenko Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital, Vinnytsia Regional Council (Communal Non-Profit Enterprise) and developed the preventive measures. Materials and methods: 224 medical workers (15.2% of males and 84.8% of females) of the Clinical Psychoneurologic Hospital (Communal Non-Profit Enterprise) took part in the study. 38.8% of the doctors, 61.2% of the nurses took part in the survey. The length of service in the professional activity was (19.7+12.3) years among doctors and (15.5+11.1) years among nurses. The average age of the doctors made up (44.6+12.2) years, nurses – (37.2+11.4) years. We carried out a survey on the motivation of the professional activity of doctors and nurses by the methodology of K. Zamfir in the modification of A. Rean and a study based on the technique of A. Leonov, S. Velichkovskaya regarding the differential assessment of the states of reduced working capacity (DOSR) of workers of health care institutions. To calculate the arithmetic mean, standard arithmetic mean error, we processed the results with the help of the Statistica 6.1 for Windows licensed standardized package. In the study, we used the analysis of the work of domestic and foreign scientific sources, biblio-semantic, analytical, and statistical research methods. Results: The data of the survey of the psychoneurologic hospital medical workers regarding doctors' internal and external motivation and nurses' professional activity are presented in the article. Three types of motivation and the motivation complexes in healthcare workers were determined, the following classification of motivational factors were used: «motivators» and «context factors», or «hygienic factors», which provoke negative stress affecting the quality of medical care. Analysis of the survey data shows that the external negative motivation exceeds the external positive one in male doctors and female nurses – (3.2+0.8) and (3.0+1.2) points, respectively. That’s why these medical workers have a decrease in their interest in work, lack of striving for career growth, lack of self-perception, and an indifference to work, to patients, which can negatively affect the quality of medical care and interpersonal relationships the team and at home. The questionnaire results regarding the differential assessment of the states of the reduced working capacity of the psychoneurologic hospital workers have been analyzed. The results demonstrate a high level of oversaturation index in female doctors - 3.2% and female nurses - 1.6% and a high degree of fatigue - 4.8% and 3.9%, respectively, which can be assessed as a pre-disease state in women. The preventive measures to overcome these states and to improve the psychosocial environment for the quality performance of the professional duties and satisfaction with the work are proposed.