Abstract
The nationalist issue was one of the most difficult problems faced by the Russian Empire at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The policy of depolonization, actively pursued by the imperial authorities in the northwestern outskirts of the country, mainly by administrative and police methods, did not bring tangible positive results, causing discontent and resistance of the local population, which threatened to destabilize the situation in the region. Restrictions in the religious sphere and attempts to forcibly propagate Orthodoxy in the region by expanding the network of parish schools, which were actively opposed by the local Catholic Church, were especially painful for the local Polish, Lithuanian and Belarusian population. The article examines the transformation of the imperial policy in the educational and enlightening spheres in the Northwestern Territory during the tenure of Prince P.D. Sviatopolk-Mirsky, who adhered to the new model of managing the national outskirts, taking into account the needs and interests of the local population. The Governor-General considered it necessary to abandon the forcible propagation of Orthodoxy among the local population and the use of the parish school as the instrument of Russification policy, advocating the spread of state secular education, freedom of religion and the use of national languages and writing in teaching the local population.
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