Обеспечение безопасности дорожного движения: основные этапы институционализации в России

Abstract

The article is devoted to the historical and legal study of the development and formation of the road safety system, the regularity of its development, legal regulation, especially during the period of motorization of the Russian Empire, and then the Soviet Republic, when the legislator set the tasks of ensuring road safety in a concrete form. Their consolidation in normative legal acts was of a casual nature, for example: avoid riding horses and bicycles on sidewalks; observe that painters with tubs, buckets and other accessories, hand carts and sleds, do not walk on the sidewalks, but follow the roads, obeying the general order of traffic on the street; not allowed to play balls, and similar games in the street in front of the houses, to fly kites, to wear uncovered mirrors so as not to frighten horses, to clutter the sidewalks with barrels, tar boxes, and firewood, and to prevent peddlers and merchants from blocking the free passage on the bridge and the passage on the sidewalk with their trays.
 The international experience of traffic regulation was used. Special attention was paid to the training of the driver’s staff. The propaganda of road safety of the Soviet society was widely introduced in all spheres of life, and then became part of the ideological education of the Soviet person. New «Traffic rules on the streets of cities, settlements and roads of the USSR» were approved. The State Traffic Inspectorate was reformed and new technologies were introduced into its activities, control and supervision of traffic was improved with the use of technical means and innovative technologies, which certainly affected a significant reduction in accidents in Russia.