ПРАВОВІ МЕХАНІЗМИ ПРОЦЕСІВ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОЇ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ В ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКІ СТАНДАРТИ

Abstract

The article gives a brief historical overview of the beginning of the development of railway transport in Europe in the first half of the 19th century. This review explains the choice of a certain width of the railway track due to the vision of technical, economic and political significance. An analysis of the current process of drafting laws to ensure the prospects for the development of railway transport in Ukraine in accordance with the provisions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU was also conducted. In this regard, a radical technical solution for the integration of our country's internal railways with the railways of the European Union was proposed and substantiated. This is the modernization of some lightly loaded lines of OJSC Ukrzaliznytsia to the European standard of railway track (1435 mm). The implementation of this initiative requires legislative support using appropriate mechanisms of state regulation of railway transport. The Parliament of Ukraine is currently considering bills related to this issue. The names of these bills: On the railway transport of On the National Commission for State Regulation of Transport, On the list of state facilities that are not subject to privatization. The National Transport Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030, presented in 2018, announced plans to build a domestic high-speed rail service on the European-style railway track between major cities of Ukraine. Creating an appropriate legal framework to achieve this goal will help attract significant investment in the domestic economy from both the EU and other stakeholders (eg, USA, China, Turkey, railway standard, which is also 1435 mm). If this idea is successfully implemented, Ukraine's railway network will be able to significantly increase its efficiency (freight, passenger turnover, speed) and become a railway transit hub between Europe and Asia not only through several border stations but also through railway stations in the interior of Ukraine. This will make it possible to create powerful transport and logistics centers based on them. Prospects for scientific work in this direction are seen in conducting theoretical and practical studies of the economic effect of the introduction of integration measures on the railways of Ukraine, as well as in determining effective mechanisms for public administration and regulation of Ukrainian rail transport in the context of globalization. Keywords: Association Agreement, railway track width standard, Law “On Railway Transport of Ukraine”, interoperability, JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia”.