Abstract
In this report, the neutral lipids (NL) in liver, viscera excluding liver and gonad, and flesh of six species of Gadiformes caught from various depths, namely, Eleginus gracilis (ca. 50m), Gadus macrocephalus, Theragra chalcogramma and Lotella maximo-wiczi (ca. 200m), Podonema longipes and Nematonurus pectoralis (ca. 400m), were investigated. The total lipid (TL) contents in liver were remarkably high as compared with those in viscera or flesh. In liver, NL contents represented more than 98% of the TL. Refractive indices and iodine values of NL in liver showed a tendency to decrease proportionately with the increase in habitat depth. The unsaponifiable content of NL in liver lipids from Podonema longipes was 24.8% (largely fatty alcohols), and those of the other five species ranged from 0.9% to 1.6% (largely sterols). In fatty acid composition, the polyenoic acid contents showed a tendency to decrease with increasing habitat depth, while the monoenoic acid contents tended to increase. These facts were quite obvious in the liver lipids, suggesting that the epipelagic fishes have large amounts of polyenoic acids, whereas mesopelagic fishes have large amounts of monoenoic acids.
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