Міжкультурна комунікація як наукова проблема: напрями дослідження

Abstract

The article analyses the main aspects of the study of intercultural communication as a scientific problem. The reasons for the relevance of studying this issue are indicated: the processes of globalization and integration, the dynamic development of intercultural relations. The purpose of this study is to identify scientific directions (aspects) of the study of the phenomenon of intercultural communication. The main methods used are the analysis and systematization of scientific literature to identify the main directions (aspects) of the study of the phenomenon of intercultural communication, their comparative and comparative analysis, and the definition of the concept of “intercultural communication” from the point of view of various aspects. The article presents the positions that are fundamental in the context of the research problem, namely: approaches to solving the problem of correlation of the concepts of “communication” and “converse”; foreign theories of intercultural communication (uncertainty reduction theory, adaptation theory, constructivist theory, theory of social categories and circumstances, theory of conflicts); methodological approaches to the study of intercultural communication (functional, explanatory, critical); main aspects of intercultural communication (cultural, linguistic, ethical, social and communicative, psychological, professional and applied). Taking into account the mentioned theories, approaches, categories and other scientific instruments, the concept of “intercultural communication” can be defined, firstly, as an integrative discipline that investigates the functioning of the system of laws and rules of interaction of representatives of different cultures and synthesizes the knowledge of the humanities of the philosophical and cultural, social and psychological, communicative and linguistic orientation; secondly, as a socially conditioned communicative process of informational interaction and targeted activity in the context of cultural exchange, which is carried out with the aim of achieving mutual understanding.