Сучасні реалії та перспективи розвитку зовнішньої торгівлі України

Abstract

The article discusses the current situation of the foreign economic activity of Ukraine. The main problems of export-import relations of the State are determined. The export potential is studied and dynamics of foreign trade are analyzed. The advantages of the agrarian sector and machine-building in the foreign policy of the country are determined. The practical inclusion of the country in the world trade space through the combination of economic and administrative methods of regulating the country’s foreign economic activity is analyzed. It is proved that Ukraine’s international activities play an important role in forming the budget and GDP of the State. The raw material orientation of Ukrainian exports is studied and the vulnerability of the country’s competitive positions in foreign markets is determined. The dynamics of commodity and geographical structures of the export potential of the State is analyzed. The greatest demand of goods by domestic producers from Kyiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk and Zaporizhzhia regions is determined. The priorities for the development of foreign economic relations between Ukraine and the European Union are formulated. The main negative factors influencing the development of the country’s foreign economic activity are summarized: insufficient level of product competitiveness; non-compliance with international quality and safety standards; low level of processing of exported products. Attention is paid to supporting the interests of national producers, increasing the export potential of the national product, eliminating the effect of import substitution, especially: fuel, harmful and poor-quality products and consumer goods. The necessity of improvement of marketing researches, formation of a simplified system of customs-tariff regulation, optimal management, accounting and control structure for the formation of effective information support in the sphere of export-import relations of Ukrainian enterprises are substantiated.