Abstract
The purpose of this publication was to describe the main ways to optimize the productive process of cultivated plants on land subject to degradation. There are three kinds of correction: physical, chemical and biological. Biological correction is new way to optimize the production process of crops, which is a set of methods of directive effect on plant biology. The key points and essence of biological correction are considered. One of the most effective and economically justified methods of biological correction of plant productivity is non-root treatment of crops by humic substances (HSs) solutions, especially those containing essential macro-and microelements. Such treatments can reduce the negative effects of projected global climate change (excessive UV-B radiation, drought, etc.) on agricultural plants. As confirmation, the results of a field experiment conducted in the arid territory of Egypt are presented. Means of biological correction, such as: Azospirillum sp., vermicompost and HSs solutions (without and with trace elements) were very effective, they increased (more than 2.5 times!) the yield of wheat grain. Thus, to obtain a consistently high crop yield on land subject to degradation, especially in changing climatic conditions, it is necessary to apply three kinds of correction: physical, chemical and biological. Both physical correction and chemical one create the necessary conditions for the growth and development of plants, and biological correction "forces" plants to show their reserve functions, contributing to an additional increase in crop yield.
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