СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЛИМИТИРУЮЩИХ ФАКТОРОВ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ ЧАЯ В КИТАЕ И В РОССИИ

Abstract

The article presents the results of research for 2020-2022 on the collection and mother site in the village of Uch-Dere. Differences in the weather conditions of tea bushes growing in humid subtropics of Russia with a natural habitat (China) have been determined. Tea plants in the humid subtropics of Russia are more susceptible to stress factors. Due to weather conditions during the growing season (from April to September), where the main leaf period lasts four months (from May to August inclusive). In China, on the contrary, the tea leaf harvest period lasts from April to September and occurs more smoothly due to some differences in weather conditions. Temperature fluctuations in China and in the humid subtropics of Russia are similar, but there are differences in the phase of the active temperature of more than 10 ºС, by month. A steady transition through 10 ºС in the subtropics of Russia is 2-3 decades of April, and in China it is 2-3 decades of March, which allows to start collecting flushes in April. Further, by month, the temperature regime between China and Russia is leveled and the difference in the amount of flushes by month depends only on the amount of precipitation. So, in China, the main precipitation intake is spring 41 %, summer – 34 %, winter and autumn account for 9 % and 16 % of the total annual intake. Therefore, the productive period of receipt of tea leaves in China begins in April and ends in September. Another trend of precipitation distribution in the subtropics of Russia. The main intake occurs in winter and autumn (33.1 % and 28.0 %) during the period of relative rest, which subsequently negatively affects the regrowth of flushes (productive shoots). Key words: VARIETY, THREE-LEAFED FLUSHES, AREA OF GROWTH