Специфіка формування системи державного управління природно-техногенною безпекою

Abstract

The problem of protecting people and territories from disasters of different directions is very relevant and concerns the fundamental foundations of economic security. At the beginning of the XXI century. global threats have already become complex, which manifests itself in: the interdependence of natural, man-made, political, economic, social, environmental and scientific and technical risks; in emergency situations; in exacerbating the old and the emergence of new non-traditional types of hazards. Complexity of modern threats has led to the search for such a way of civilization development, which, without destroying its natural basis, provides humanity with the possibility of survival and further continuous development. An important feature of the concept of sustainable development is that in it the problem of civilization development is closely intertwined with the problem of the formation of security systems, both globally and nationally. As a rule, important public decisions in certain spheres of public life are taken without regard to the need for security in other areas. This situation is due, first of all, to inadequate understanding of the role and place of the latter in the development process. The article substantiates the necessity of forming an effective system of state management of natural and man-made safety and defines its goals. The basic principles of formation and effective functioning of the system of state management of natural and technological safety in the conditions of emergency situations are analyzed. The study determined that the purpose of the operation of the SU of the PTB is to prevent natural and man-made disasters and accidents, timely adoption of measures for the localization and liquidation of the consequences of natural and man-made disasters, and the rational use of the resources of the system for the provision of the PTB. It is substantiated that the ecologically-technogenic system is a certain way organized society, objects of the economy, technosphere, as well as natural-territorial ecosystems that form a single structural and functional whole. Structural subsystems according to their spatial and other parameters correspond to administrative-economic territorial formations and can be of different levels and scales - from national to object.