Аутсорсинг автопарка как способ сократить издержки

Abstract

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT The article considers options for car fleet outsourcing. The benefits of each method are evaluated, advantages and disadvantages are compared. A brief analysis of the state of the operational leasing market in Russia is given. When comparing financial and operative or operational leasing, emphasis is placed on their ability to optimize the costs of using and maintaining the fleet in terms of its own and external management. Reform of the leasing market in Russia is considered. The definitions of such concepts as outsourcing, fleet management, operative or operational leasing are presented. The functions of fleet management are analyzed and defined. Positive and negative aspects of operative or operational leasing are presented. Features of the advantages of operative or operational leasing are singled out. The direction of operational automobile leasing in Russia has just begun to develop actively - since 2004. The analysis of development of operative or operational leasing by years is carried out. The issue is considered in what the operational lease differs from the financial one. Specific examples are offered that prove that these are completely different types of services. This is due to the fact that the task of operational lease is to provide the client with a service, financial - to finance the client. With financial leasing, it is important that a leasing company acquires property for its transfer to a specific client - in contrast to an operative or operational lease, when the lessor independently chooses the equipment and the supplier based on the availability of demand for it. According to the RAEX (Expert RA) survey, in 2017 the volume of leasing business grew by 58 % and amounted to 710 billion rubles. The main drivers of the market due to the implementation of state programs are transport segments. At the same time, thanks to deals with railway and aircraft engineering, the share of operational leasing in the new business reached 21 %. The main contribution to the development and growth of the leasing market in Russia in 2018 will be made by the automotive segment, the development of additional service programs and the client-centered approach of leasing companies. Keywords: car fleet outsourcing, fleet management, operational leasing, financial leasing, leasing market growth, leasing market reform.