消費財の環境リスクアセスメント手法 直鎖アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩とアルキルエトキシ硫酸塩のケーススタディ

Abstract

Consumer product compounds are used in the home and disposed in waste water where they typically receive waste treatment. After treatment, sludge and effluent are released to the environment resulting in the potential exposure of terrestrial and aquatic organisms, respectively, to consumer product compounds.To ensure the environmental safety of these compounds, the environmental risk posed by compounds released into the environment must be assessed. A reasonable, consistent and cost-effective method to conduct environmental risk assessments and to prioritize testing of these compounds is needed which addresses risk to organisms residing in the terrestrial and aquatic compartments of the environment. Risk is evaluated by understanding environmental fate (i.e., exposure) and effects and is quantified in the risk ratio. In addition, the potential transfers through the food web leading to concentrations in food are predicted with an estimate of bioconcentration and bioaccumulation factors. Specifics of the tiered risk assessment approach are discussed and demonstrated using two consumer product compounds : linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and alkyl ethoxy sulfate (AES).