МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ОПТИМАЛЬНОЙ ПЕРИОДИЧНОСТИ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ СМАЗОЧНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ АВТОТРАКТОРНОГО ДИЗЕЛЯ

Abstract

The reliability of automotive engines is an important problem for the country's economy. Wear, and subsequently failures, often cause a rather long downtime of equipment, significant consumption of spare parts, complicate the operation of the machine and tractor fleet. The cost of overhaul of an automotive engine is more than half the amount of the cost of a new one, and the resource after repair is no more than half the resource of a new engine. Over the entire service life of automotive engines, 5-6 times more money is spent on ensuring their operability than on manufacturing. The main operations for the prevention of the lubrication system of a diesel engine are the replacement and refilling of engine oil, on which the engine resource largely depends. Therefore, the volume of refilling and the frequency of oil change determine the efficiency of the engine and are optimization parameters. The function of these factors is the total unit costs of prevention and repair. Minimizing these costs is the essence of the technical and economic method. The paper presents the results of operational studies related to the dependence of refilling parameters, engine oil aging and the failure rate of internal combustion engines. The data on the performance of a diesel engine with and without an oil level regulator are given. According to the results of the work, an adequate mathematical model was obtained with physical variables of the dependence of costs on the frequency of oil change and the volume of one-time topping. The substantiation of the kinetics of the pre-failure state of the main elements of a forced diesel engine during the aging of engine oil was made and the optimal values of preventive parameters were determined.