신용카드사용이 세수에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 :소비세를 중심으로

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While the increase in credit card usage is thought to augment tax revenue by livening up trades, to date, there have not been any specific studies or significant analyses regarding this subject. To remedy this problem, this study will attempt to test the theoretical link between credit card usage and its effect on tax revenue, and analyze it in depth. In theory, the increase in credit card usage is deemed to have an effect on tax revenue by increasing trade transparency and income and expenditures; the prior, through the identification of the sources of tax revenue, and the latter by providing convenient loan grants and opportunities for trade. Since the usage of credit card makes the transaction record everytime, activation of the usage would reveal the transactions in black market which could be hidden under the cash transaction. Also, activation of the credit card usage could enhance the stability of household consumption more securely, because by using the credit cards the household could achieve ‘consumption smoothing’ with the credit support which is provided by the credit card company. Our regression result shows this fact boldly. In fact, credit card usage supports the ‘consumption smoothing’ even in the economic recessions, which are occurred by unexpected economic crisis such as foreign exchange crisis that was happened in 1997 in Korea, and sub-prime level mortgage crisis of America in 2008. Thus, we could induce the conclusion that activation of credit card usage could broaden the tax base, in turn, lead to boost up the tax revenue. After thorough analysis of tax revenue and credit card data, in was revealed that the increase in credit card expenditures led to a significant increase in VAT revenue. In other words, while the effects that credit cards have on tax revenue will differ according to time, based on the 2009, if credit card usage increased by 1%, VAT revenue would also increase by 0.75%. The regression results also show that other taxes which are closely related with credit card transactions, such as voluntary notify income tax, as well as transportation tax, special consumption tax, might affect on the revenues from each tax positively. However, due to the couple of limitations of data, the regression results are not reliable, since the test statistics indicate that the results are statistically insignificant. One of the interesting results of this study is that the activation of credit card usage could help to achieve in revenue stability. Increasing in the usage of credit cards would be able to mitigate the fluctuations in consumption from business cycle, and there stabilize the consumption tax revenue.