Оценка технологических показателей коллекционных сортов овса в Тюменской области

Abstract

Abstract. This article presents the results of a long-term study of collectible varieties of oats in the Tyumen region. The purpose of the study is to study the collection of spring oats, which forms high technological indicators, to increase grain production and to improve its quality. Materials and methods of research. The experiment was conducted in 2019–2021 in the conditions of the Tyumen Region at the experimental field of the Northern Trans-Urals Research Institute (Russia), using generally accepted methods of analysis and standard techniques. 167 varieties of oats of various ecological and geographical origins were evaluated according to the main technological indicators (grain type, weight of 1000 seeds and filminess), the Otrada variety was used as a standard. Results. A positive relationship of grain yield with the mass of 1000 seeds was established for all years of study (r = 0.21…0.45), a negative relationship was observed for all years with the film content of grain (r = –0.21; –0.31; –0.36). Regression analysis determined a significant positive effect on increasing the yield of 1000 seeds, negative – film content. Varieties of oats with a consistently high natural grain weight were identified: k-15272 (USA), 15254 (USA), k-15234 (Lithuania), k-15340 (Omsk region), weight of 1000 seeds: k-15278, (Moscow region), 15013 (Altai Krai), k-15330 (Ulyanovsk region), k-14402 (USA). As well as a low percentage of films: k-15301 (Canada), k-15272 (USA), k-15280 (Moscow region), k-15048 (Finland). The distinguished varieties of oats are particularly valuable for a number of reasons, they can be used in breeding work as sources, and they have high potential and product quality: k-15013 (Altai Krai), k-13911 (Leningrad region), k-15330 (Ulyanovsk region), k-15425 (Germany), k-15272 (USA), k-15301 (Canada). Scientific novelty. A comprehensive assessment of 167 varieties of spring oats was carried out and the most promising ones were identified, differing in the best technological quality indicators, which can be recommended in breeding work in order to improve the quality of grain, not inferior in yield.