공․사조직 유형별 관광협업에 대한 인식의 차이

Abstract

The primary aim of this study is to analyze the difference in the objectives and performance of collaboration by the types of public and private organizations. Collaboration is an exceptional means of jointly solving complicated problems in the tourism sector, but it is also a strategy that organizations should pursue in that collaboration can bring greater benefits. However, because organizations do not all participate in collaboration with the same aim, the analysis of differences in collaboration by the public and private organizational types has significant implications. Collaboration objectives and performance were derived from three existing theories of tourism: resource dependency theory, relational or social exchange theory, and transaction cost theory. In particular, the collaboration objectives consisted of four factors: shared objective, transaction cost, mutual benefit, and resource dependence. The survey was limited to the public and private tourism businesses that were expected to collaborate with governmental tourism organizations in Busan. T-test and ANOVA were conducted to analyze a total of 380 respondents. As for analytical results, three meaningful results were found that are specific to the public-private tourism organizations and businesses. First, a difference in the collaboration objectives between the public and private sectors was found. The public sector and governmental organizations collaborated to rely on the expertise and human resources in the private sector. On the other hand, it was found that the private sector and the business organizations collaborated with the partner to reduce transaction costs. Second, the difference in collaboration performance between both sectors was evident. The public sector was interested in a reciprocal relationship with the counterpart and the achievement of shared objectives. The private sector, on the other hand, was interested in achieving their organization’s goal. This result interpreted that the public sector was interested in continuing collaboration while the private sector was interested in generating revenue for their organizations. Third, a difference in the performance by collaborative experiences was found in the public sector. This suggests that as the public sector gains more collaborative experiences, it’s going to recognize higher collaborative outcomes. These results could be a clue to establishing strategies for the various agencies and groups in the public and private sectors to sustain collaboration with their partners.