부모의 긍,부정 양육태도와 자녀의 행복감의 관계에서 부모와의 대화시간의 매개효과 : 초등학생, 중학생 집단에 따른 다집단 분석

Abstract

This study attempted to verify the mediating effect of positive and negative parenting attitudes on their children’s happiness through conversation time with parents and to determine whether there are differences between elementary and middle school students in such effects. To this end, the response data of elementary and middle school students collected in the third year (2020) of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey conducted by the Korea Youth Policy Institute were used. The analysis was conducted using structural equations and M-plus. The analysis results are as follows: First, in the case of elementary school students, positive parenting attitudes significantly affected happiness overall. In addition, in the case of middle school students, support for autonomy among positive parenting attitudes positively affected happiness. Second, in the case of middle school students, warmth and structural provision among positive parenting attitudes positively affected happiness by mediating conversation time with parents. Third, the mediating path of conversation time was not significant for autonomy support and coercion in common for all ages. Fourth, rejection of negative parenting attitudes in all ages negatively affected happiness by negatively mediating conversation time. Also, the inconsistency negatively affected happiness by negatively mediating conversation time. In conclusion, this study confirmed the positive effect of a positive parenting attitude on happiness rather than the amount of conversation time with parents. Moreover, it proved that a positive parenting attitude (warmness, structure provision) for middle school students positively affects happiness by mediating conversation time. These results are of great significance in that they provided evidence for the necessity of parental education considering the age of children.