Особливості деяких ультразвукових показників у вагітних з єдиною пупковою артерією плода

Abstract

The single umbilical artery (SUA) is considered an independent risk factor for perinatal complications. The influence of some endocrine, gynecological and general factors on the occurrence of SUA, the detection of SUA at different stages of pregnancy, and the effect of SUA on the fetal and placental state are assumed. The article presents some features of ultrasound indicators at different trimesters of pregnancy with SUA compared with pregnant women with three umbilical vessels and physiological births in the future. The objective: is to study and analyze some ultrasound indices of the fetus and placenta at different trimesters of pregnancy with SUA, to conduct a comparative characteristic of the revealed features with such indices in pregnant women with three umbilical vessels. Materials and methods. 31 pregnant women with a single umbilical artery of the fetus (study group), 62 pregnant women with 2 umbilical cord blood arteries (control group). Results. In our study in 6 patients (19.4%) of pregnant women with SUA during ultrasound scanning at 12–13 weeks of pregnancy reverse flow in the venous duct was found. According to doplerometry, the flow rate in the fetal aorta in pregnant women with SUA is definitely less than that of the control group, although it does not exceed the normal values. There is a tendency to a greater importance of the cerebroortal index among pregnant women with SUA. Conclusions. In the 12-13 week period, reverse flow in the venous duct can be considered an SUA marker. According to the data of doplerometry in pregnant women with SUA fetuses, there are slight negative changes in the direction of increasing peripheral vascular resistance (according to the blood flow velocity in the fetal aorta) and the tendency to centralize the blood circulation (according to the cerebroortical index). Key words: single umbilical artery, venous duct, doplerometry, cerebroortal index.