Использование молекулярно-генетического анализа и фенотипической оценки для определения совместимости сортов черешни при опылении

Abstract

The study of sweet cherry self-incompatibility is very actual due to the necessity to select optimal varieties pollinators and varietal schemes for orchards development. So the main objectives of our study were the molecular genetic identification of alleles of self-incompatibility (S-gene) of several sweet cherry varieties bred at North Caucasian Regional Scientific Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture as well as phenotypic evaluation of their compatibility in pollination. Sweet cherry varieties Anons, Krupnoplodnaya, Kavkazskaya, Krasa Kubani and Vasilisa were selected as objects of the study. Cross-pollination compatibility was determined in the following combinations: Anons/Krupnoplodnaya, Anons/Kavkazskaya, Anons/Krasa Kubani, Anons/Vasilisa, the control was Anons/open pollination. Fruit set evaluation was conducted 3 times: 1st 15 days after flowering; 2nd after shedding of the ovary; 3rd before harvesting. Molecular genetic identification of allelic combinations of S-gene was carried out using consensus primer pairs and PaConsI PaConsII, and allele - specific DNA-markers S2, S3, S5 and S6 for additional confirmation. S-gene allelic combinations have been identified for the studied varieties: Anons (S9/S5), Krupnoplodnaya (S9/S5), Krasa Kubani (S1/S6), Kavkazskaya (S3/S6), Vasilisa (S3/S9). Minimal level of fruit set (10,2 %) was identified for combination of pollination Anons (S9/S5) Krupnoplodnaya (S9/S5). In cross combinations of the Anons variety with the varieties Krasa Kubani (S1/S6) and Kavkazskaya (S3/S6) compatibility was at more higher level: 73,5 and 64,2 %, respectively. Our results confi rm perspectiveness of using the information about S-gene combinations in varieties for prediction the level of their pollination compatibility.