ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНИХ ТА ІНСТИТУЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ЗАСАД РОЗВИТКУ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ

Abstract

The article analyzes the preconditions of the intelligence origin, examines the world practices of its introduction into the society’s vital functions. Examples of strategies for the successful usage of intelligence technologies in public administration of the Middle East countries, USA, China, India, Japan, Germany, Canada are given. The necessity of creating common standards for the development of intelligence algorithms is substantiated. The expediency of developing a National Strategy for the Development and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Ukraine with the aim of its implementation in public administration is proved. The history of intelligence (further - AI) dates back to the ancient world, with myths, legends, stories about objects that are endowed with reason. Ancient philosophers have become the founders of modern intelligence understanding, in their works defining the processes of human as a mechanical manipulation of symbols. Dartmouth conference in 1956 (The USA), discussed the concepts that gave rise to the creation of a new dynamic field of interdisciplinary research, collectively called artificial Some researchers expressed optimistic predictions about building a universal intellectual machine after 20 years, but even after 60 years, scientists failed to create a technology that would imitate human intelligence. The unsolved part of the general research problem is the proper scientific and theoretical substantiation of the feasibility of introducing intelligence into the activities of state authorities and local self-government bodies. The purpose of the article is to determine the conceptual and institutional principles of the development of intelligence in public administration in Ukraine. For most people, intelligence means images of fantastic future films. Many of them see this as a threat to the security of their livelihoods, but the creation of intelligence is an evolutionary step in terms of industrialization. Many foreign scholars consider intelligence creating and using in public administration, but among Ukrainian scientists, the problem of implementing intelligence algorithms in public administration has not yet been addressed. In our view, the introduction of such technologies will be the next stage in the digitization of public administration in Ukraine. The usage of intelligence can change the work of the government and help civil servants better perform their work. Already, intelligence has been integrated into many technological (cloud) platforms and is used by search and instant messaging services. Artificial intelligence technologies contain the potential for accelerating the managerial decisions’ adoption and automating typical everyday and repetitive tasks. The introduction of AI in the public servants daily activities will allow state and local authorities to accelerate the adoption of complex decisions through simplification of their processing, evaluation, analysis and forecasting. After integrating intelligence into new technology platforms, intelligence will help to manage complex administrative processes. Starting in 2017, strategies and plans for the intelligence development have been approved in the United States, the OAU, China, Canada, Japan, Germany, Singapore, South Korea, and India. On the basis of the AI development strategies analysis, it must be underlined their identity in the main components construction: financing, training, leading experts involvement, implementation area, etc. It is determined that the common understanding for all countries is the necessity to encourage young people to study and develop intelligence, by creating the most favorable conditions for them. The China and Germany strategies have a responsibility to create and use AI. However, none of the strategies identified possible risks and ethical norms in the intelligence creation, which in our opinion is an important stage of AI implementation and development. In connection with this, it is necessary to create common standards for developers of AI algorithms in all countries around the world, which plan to develop and implement the latest intelligent technologies. At an institutional level, it is necessary to create an international organization to control the implementation of intelligence creating rules, which will enable manufacturers to take responsibility for the creation of thinking machines In Ukraine, based on existing foreign experience, it is necessary to develop a National Strategy for the Development and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in order to use these technologies in all spheres of life, in particular in public administration knowledge.